Porous Organic Framework Materials (MOF, COF, and HOF) as the Multifunctional Separator for Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries.

The separator is an important component in batteries, with the primary function of separating the positive and negative electrodes and allowing the free passage of ions. Porous organic framework materials have a stable connection structure, large specific surface area, and ordered pores, which are natural places to store electrolytes. And these materials with specific functions can be designed according to the needs of researchers. The performance of porous organic framework-based separators used in rechargeable lithium metal batteries is much better than that of polyethylene/propylene separators. In this paper, the three most classic organic framework materials (MOF, COF, and HOF) are analyzed and summarized. The applications of MOF, COF, and HOF separators in lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium metal anode, and solid electrolytes are reviewed. Meanwhile, the research progress of these three materials in different fields is discussed based on time. Finally, in the conclusion, the problems encountered by MOF, COF, and HOF in different fields as well as their future research priorities are presented. This review will provide theoretical guidance for the design of porous framework materials with specific functions and further stimulate researchers to conduct research on porous framework materials.

Clinical and genetic characteristics of myotonia congenita in Chinese population.

Myotonia congenita (MC) is a rare hereditary muscle disease caused by variants in the CLCN1 gene. Currently, the correlation of phenotype-genotype is still uncertain between dominant-type Thomsen (TMC) and recessive-type Becker (BMC). The clinical data and auxiliary examinations of MC patients in our clinic were retrospectively collected. Electromyography was performed in 11 patients and available family members. Whole exome sequencing was conducted in all patients. The clinical and laboratory data of Chinese MC patients reported from June 2004 to December 2022 were reviewed. A total of 11 MC patients were included in the study, with a mean onset age of 12.64 ± 2.73 years. The main symptom was muscle stiffness of limbs. Warm-up phenomenon and percussion myotonia were found in all patients. Electromyogram revealed significant myotonic charges in all patients and two asymptomatic carriers, while muscle MRI and biopsy showed normal or nonspecific changes. Fourteen genetic variants including 6 novel variants were found in CLCN1. Ninety-eight Chinese patients were re-analyzed and re-summarized in this study. There were no significant differences in the demographic data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings between 52 TMC and 46 BMC patients. Among the 145 variants in CLCN1, some variants, including the most common variant c.892 G>A, could cause TMC in some families and BMC in others. This study expanded the clinical and genetic spectrum of Chinese patients with MC. It was difficult to distinguish between TMC and BMC only based on the clinical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics.

A pathological joint-liver axis mediated by matrikine-activated CD4+ T cells.

The knee joint has long been considered a closed system. The pathological effects of joint diseases on distant organs have not been investigated. Herein, our clinical data showed that post-traumatic joint damage, combined with joint bleeding (hemarthrosis), exhibits a worse liver function compared with healthy control. With mouse model, hemarthrosis induces both cartilage degeneration and remote liver damage. Next, we found that hemarthrosis induces the upregulation in ratio and differentiation towards Th17 cells of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood and spleen. Deletion of CD4+ T cells reverses hemarthrosis-induced liver damage. Degeneration of cartilage matrix induced by hemarthrosis upregulates serological type II collagen (COL II), which activates CD4+ T cells. Systemic application of a COL II antibody blocks the activation. Furthermore, bulk RNAseq and single-cell qPCR analysis revealed that the cartilage Akt pathway is inhibited by blood treatment. Intra-articular application of Akt activator blocks the cartilage degeneration and thus protects against the liver impairment in mouse and pig models. Taken together, our study revealed a pathological joint-liver axis mediated by matrikine-activated CD4+ T cells, which refreshes the organ-crosstalk axis and provides a new treatment target for hemarthrosis-related disease. Intra-articular bleeding induces cartilage degradation through down-reulation of cartilage Akt pathway. During this process, the soluble COL II released from the damaged cartilage can activate peripheral CD4+ T cells, differention into Th17 cells and secretion of IL-17, which consequently induces liver impairment. Intra-articular application of sc79 (inhibitor of Akt pathway) can prevent the cartilage damage as well as its peripheral influences.

Prone positioning does not improve outcomes of intubated patients with pneumocystis pneumonia and moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a single-center, retrospective, observational, cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis pneumonia is an uncommon precipitant of acute respiratory distress syndrome and is associated with high mortality. Prone positioning ventilation has been proven to reduce mortality in patients with moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. We investigated the effect of prone positioning on oxygenation and mortality in intubated patients with pneumocystis pneumonia comorbid with moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. METHODS: In this single-center, retrospective, observational, cohort study, eligible patients were enrolled at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021. Data on demographics, clinical features, ventilation parameters, arterial blood gas, and outcomes were collected. Patients were assigned to the prone cohort or supine cohort according to whether they received prone positioning ventilation. The main outcome was 28-day mortality. FINDINGS: A total of 79 patients were included in the study. Sixty-three patients were enrolled in the prone cohort, and 16 patients were enrolled in the supine cohort. The 28-day mortality was 61.9% in the prone cohort and 68.8% in the supine cohort (P = 0.26), and 90-day mortality was 66.7% in the prone cohort and 68.8% in the supine cohort (P = 0.55). Patients in the supine cohort had fewer invasive mechanical ventilation days and more ventilator-free days. The incidence of complications was higher in the prone cohort than in the supine cohort. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with pneumocystis pneumonia and moderate-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, prone positioning did not decrease 28-day or 90-day mortality. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number, ChiCTR2200063889. Registered on 20 September 2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=174886 .

Physiological and pathological functions of TMEM106B in neurodegenerative diseases.

As an integral lysosomal transmembrane protein, transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) regulates several aspects of lysosomal function and is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The TMEM106B gene mutations lead to lysosomal dysfunction and accelerate the pathological progression of Neurodegenerative diseases. Yet, the precise mechanism of TMEM106B in Neurodegenerative diseases remains unclear. Recently, different research teams discovered that TMEM106B is an amyloid protein and the C-terminal domain of TMEM106B forms amyloid fibrils in various Neurodegenerative diseases and normally elderly individuals. In this review, we discussed the physiological functions of TMEM106B. We also included TMEM106B gene mutations that cause neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we summarized the identification and cryo-electronic microscopic structure of TMEM106B fibrils, and discussed the promising therapeutic strategies aimed at TMEM106B fibrils and the future directions for TMEM106B research in neurodegenerative diseases.

TRPC6 Knockout Alleviates Renal Fibrosis through PI3K/AKT/GSK3B Pathway.

OBJECTIVE: Renal fibrosis is the ultimate pathway of various forms of acute and chronic kidney damage. Notably, the knockout of transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) has shown promise in alleviating renal fibrosis. However, the regulatory impact of TRPC6 on renal fibrosis remains unclear. METHODS: In vivo, TRPC6 knockout (TRPC6-/-) mice and age-matched 129 SvEv (WT) mice underwent unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion (uIR) injury surgery on the left renal pedicle or sham operation. Kidneys and serum were collected on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after euthanasia. In vitro, primary tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) were isolated from TRPC6-/- and WT mice, followed by treatment with transforming growth factor ß1 (TGFß1) for 72 h. The anti-fibrotic effect of TRPC6-/- and the underlying mechanisms were assessed through hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining, immunostaining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting. RESULTS: Increased TRPC6 expression was observed in uIR mice and PTECs treated with TGFß1. TRPC6-/- alleviated renal fibrosis by reducing the expression of fibrotic markers (Col-1, α-SMA, and vimentin), as well as decreasing the apoptosis and inflammation of PTECs during fibrotic progression both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, we found that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3ß) signaling pathway, a pivotal player in renal fibrosis, was down-regulated following TRPC6 deletion. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the ablation of TRPC6 may mitigate renal fibrosis by inhibiting the apoptosis and inflammation of PTECs through down-regulation of the PI3K/AKT/GSK3ß pathway. Targeting TRPC6 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing chronic kidney disease.

Impaired oxygenation after lung resection: Incidence and perioperative risk factors.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of postoperative oxygenation impairment after lung resection in the era of lung-protective management, and to identify perioperative factors associated with that impairment. DESIGN: Registry-based retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Two large academic hospitals in the United States. PATIENTS: 3081 ASA I-IV patients undergoing lung resection. MEASUREMENTS: 79 pre- and intraoperative variables, selected for inclusion based on a causal inference framework. The primary outcome of impaired oxygenation, an early marker of lung injury, was defined as at least one of the following within seven postoperative days: (1) SpO2 < 92%; (2) imputed PaO2/FiO2 < 300 mmHg [(1) or (2) occurring at least twice within 24 h]; (3) intensive oxygen therapy (mechanical ventilation or > 50% oxygen or high-flow oxygen). MAIN RESULTS: Oxygenation was impaired within seven postoperative days in 70.8% of patients (26.6% with PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mmHg or intensive oxygen therapy). In multivariable analysis, each additional cmH2O of intraoperative median driving pressure was associated with a 7% higher risk of impaired oxygenation (OR 1.07; 95%CI 1.04 to 1.10). Higher median intraoperative FiO2 (OR 1.23; 95%CI 1.14 to 1.31 per 0.1) and PEEP (OR 1.12; 95%CI 1.04 to 1.21 per 1 cm H2O) were also associated with increased risk. History of COPD (OR 2.55; 95%CI 1.95 to 3.35) and intraoperative albuterol administration (OR 2.07; 95%CI 1.17 to 3.67) also showed reliable effects. CONCLUSIONS: Impaired postoperative oxygenation is common after lung resection and is associated with potentially modifiable pre- and intraoperative respiratory factors.

Effectiveness and safety of early lens extraction during par plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetes retinopathy with mild cataract: a randomized clinical trial.

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of early lens extraction during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) compared to those of PPV with subsequent cataract surgery. METHODS: This multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted in three Chinese hospitals on patients with PDR, aged >45y, with mild cataracts. The participants were randomly assigned to the combined (PPV combined with simultaneously cataract surgery, i.e., phacovitrectomy) or subsequent (PPV with subsequent cataract surgery 6mo later) group and followed up for 12mo. The primary outcome was the change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to 6mo, and the secondary outcomes included complication rates and medical expenses. RESULTS: In total, 129 patients with PDR were recruited and equally randomized (66 and 63 in the combined and subsequent groups respectively). The change in BCVA in the combined group [mean, 36.90 letters; 95% confidence interval (CI), 30.35-43.45] was significantly better (adjusted difference, 16.43; 95%CI, 8.77-24.08; P<0.001) than in the subsequent group (mean, 22.40 letters; 95%CI, 15.55-29.24) 6mo after the PPV, with no significant difference between the two groups at 12mo. The overall surgical risk of two sequential surgeries was significantly higher than that of the combined surgery for neovascular glaucoma (17.65% vs 3.77%, P=0.005). No significant differences were found in the photocoagulation spots, surgical time, and economic expenses between two groups. In the subsequent group, the duration of work incapacity (22.54±9.11d) was significantly longer (P<0.001) than that of the combined group (12.44±6.48d). CONCLUSION: PDR patients aged over 45y with mild cataract can also benefit from early lens extraction during PPV with gratifying effectiveness, safety and convenience, compared to sequential surgeries.

Atractylenolide II regulates the proliferation, ferroptosis, and immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inactivating the TRAF6/NF-κB pathway.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and lethal tumor worldwide. Atractylenolide II (AT-II) is a natural sesquiterpenoid monomer, with anti-tumor effect. To address the effect and mechanisms of AT-II on HCC. The role and mechanisms of AT-II were assessed through cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, and western blot experiments in Hep3B and Huh7 cells. In vivo experiments were conducted in BALB/c nude mice using immunohistochemistry and western blot assays. AT-II decreased the cell viability of Hep3B and Huh7 cells with a IC50 of 96.43 µM and 118.38 µM, respectively. AT-II increased relative Fe2+ level, which was further promoted with the incubation of erastin and declined with the ferrostatin-1 in Hep3B and Huh7 cells. AT-II enhanced the level of ROS and MDA, but reduced the GSH level, and the expression of xCT and GPX4. AT-II elevated the percent of CD8+ T cells and the IFN-γ contents, and declined the IL-10 concentrations and the expression of PD-L1 in Hep3B and Huh7 cells. AT-II downregulated the relative protein level of TRAF6, p-p65/p-65, and p-IkBα/IkBα, which was rescued with overexpression of TRAF6. Upregulation of TRAF6 also reversed the effect of AT-II on proliferation, ferroptosis, and immune escape in Hep3B cells. In vivo, AT-II reduced tumor volume and weight, the level of GPX4, xCT, and PD-L1, and the expression of TRAF6, p-p65/p-65, and p-IkBα/IkBα, with the increased expression of CD8. AT-II modulated the proliferation, ferroptosis, and immune escape of HCC cells by downregulating the TRAF6/NF-κB pathway.

Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections in Shanghai, China: Surveillance from 2014 to 2023.

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis remains a notable health problem in developing countries. In 1990 in Shanghai, a city in eastern China, 47% of the population was affected. Due to a series of comprehensive approaches, the prevalence decreased to 0.5% in 2009. We collected 10-year surveillance data to assess the epidemic situation of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in Shanghai. Stool samples and questionnaires from participants were collected. The Kato-Katz technique was used to detect infections with Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus), and Trichuris trichiura. From 2014 to 2023, a total of 77,685 participants were screened for parasitic infections, and the overall prevalence of STH infections decreased from 0.1% to 0% in Shanghai. Of 77,685 participants, 25 (0.03%) were positive for intestinal helminths, with the most common parasite being A. lumbricoides (72.0%). Generally, elderly participants from rural areas with lower education levels were more likely to be infected with STHs. A total of 2,914 questionnaires were collected, and most respondents (72.6%) had good knowledge about the transmission routes of STHs. However, 12.3% of participants did not know the damage to health caused by STHs, and 19.3% had no idea of how to prevent infection. These data demonstrate the current state of STH infections in Shanghai. The results suggest that various comprehensive measures should be encouraged, continuously implemented, and strengthened accordingly so that STH elimination can be integrated into the Healthy China initiative by 2030.

A plant NLR receptor employs ABA central regulator PP2C-SnRK2 to activate antiviral immunity.

Defence against pathogens relies on intracellular nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) in plants. Hormone signaling including abscisic acid (ABA) pathways are activated by NLRs and play pivotal roles in defence against different pathogens. However, little is known about how hormone signaling pathways are activated by plant immune receptors. Here, we report that a plant NLR Sw-5b mimics the behavior of the ABA receptor and directly employs the ABA central regulator PP2C-SnRK2 complex to activate an ABA-dependent defence against viral pathogens. PP2C4 interacts with and constitutively inhibits SnRK2.3/2.4. Behaving in a similar manner as the ABA receptor, pathogen effector ligand recognition triggers the conformational change of Sw-5b NLR that enables binding to PP2C4 via the NB domain. This receptor-PP2C4 binding interferes with the interaction between PP2C4 and SnRK2.3/2.4, thereby releasing SnRK2.3/2.4 from PP2C4 inhibition to activate an ABA-specific antiviral immunity. These findings provide important insights into the activation of hormone signaling pathways by plant immune receptors.

Acupuncture for erectile dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial. / é’ˆåˆºæ²»ç–—å‹ƒèµ·åŠŸèƒ½éšœç¢ï¼šéšæœºå¯¹ç §è¯•éªŒ.

OBJECTIVES: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in treating erectile dysfunction (ED). METHODS: A total of 64 ED patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture group (32 cases, 2 case dropped out) and a western medication group (32 cases, 2 cases dropped out). In the acupuncture group, acupuncture treatment was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongji (CV 3), Dahe (KI 12), Qugu (CV 2), Zusanli (ST 36), and etc., two groups of acupoints were used alternately, 30 min each time, once every other day. In the western medication group, 50 mg of sildenafil tablet was took orally 1 h before sexual activity. Both groups were treated for 30 d. The international index of erectile function citrate (IIEF-5) score, self rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, self rating depression scale (SDS) score, TCM syndrome score were observed before and after treatment, and in follow-up of 2 weeks after treatment completion, the serum testosterone (T) level was detected before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated in the two groups. RESULTS: After treatment and in follow-up, the IIEF-5 scores were increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01). In follow-up, the IIEF-5 score in the acupuncture group was ascended compared with that in the western medication group (P<0.05). Except for the SDS and TCM syndrome scores in the western medication group of follow-up, the SAS scores, SDS scores, and the TCM syndrome scores were decreased after treatment and in follow-up compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01, P<0.05); in the acupuncture group, the SAS scores, SDS scores and the TCM syndrome scores after treatment and in follow-up were lower than those in the western medication group (P<0.01). After treatment, the serum T levels were increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01). The total effective rate of the acupuncture group was 83.3% (25/30), and it was 86.7% (26/30) in the western medication group, there was no significant difference in total effective rate between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture can effectively improve erectile function, anxiety and depression state, and TCM syndrome in ED patients, and has a advantage of posterior effect compared with western medication treatment.

[Chemical constituents from Alangium chinense subsp. pauciflorum].

Chemical constituents of 70% ethanol extract of Alangium chinense subsp. pauciflorum were investigated. The 70% ethanol extract of A. chinense subsp. pauciflorum was isolated and purified by D-101 macroporous resins, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and other methods. As a result, nineteen compounds were isolated and identified as 4-cyclohexene-1α,2α,3α-triol-1-O-ß-D-glucoside(1), 1ß,4α,6α,13-tetrahydroxy-eudesm-11(12)-ene(2), sucrose(3), 1'-O-benzyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1″→6')-ß-D-glucopyranoside(4), bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate(5),(Z)-10-heneicosenoic acid(6), di-O-methylcrenati(7), methyl-α-D-fructofuranoside(8), ß-daucosterol(9), syringic acid(10), vanillicacid(11), octacosanol(12), isoarborinol(13), 2,7-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1-naphthalenecarboxylate(14),vanillin(15), coniferyl aldehyde(16), 9(11)-dehydroergosterolperoxide(17), 5α,8α-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3ß-ol(18), ß-sitosterol(19), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were new compounds, compounds 5-11, 13, 15-18 were isolated from Alangium for the first time.The anti-inflammatory activity of compourd 1 was determinded by the LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage inflammation model. The results showed that the new compound 1 has a certain inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO production of RAW264.7 cells, and the inhibitory rate was 54.57%.

Does intraoperative reduction result in better outcomes in low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of reduction vs. arthrodesis in situ with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis. Study design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was implemented in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Randomized or non-randomized controlled trials that were published until July 2023 that compared reduction vs. arthrodesis in situ techniques with minimally invasive or open-TLIF for low-grade spondylolisthesis were selected. The quality of the included studies was evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data were extracted according to the predefined outcome measures, including operation time and intraoperative blood loss; short- and long-time follow-up of visual analog scale (VAS) back pain (VAS-BP) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI); slippage and segmental lordosis; and the complication and fusion rate. Results: Five studies (n = 495 patients) were finally included. All of them were retrospective cohort studies with Evidence Level II. The pooled data revealed that both techniques had similar patient-reported outcomes (VAS, ODI, and good and excellent rate) during short- and long-term follow-up. In addition, no significant differences were observed in the fusion and complication rates. However, although the reduction group did achieve better slippage correction, it was associated with increased operation time and intraoperative blood loss compared with the in situ arthrodesis group. Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, intraoperative reduction does not result in better clinical outcomes in low-grade spondylolisthesis after minimally invasive or open-TLIF, and the in situ arthrodesis technique could be an alternative.

The Alleviating Effect of Taxifolin on Deoxynivalenol-Induced Damage in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in feed is a global concern that severely threatens the health of animals and humans. Taxifolin (TA) is a natural flavonoid, a member of the polyphenols, that possesses robust antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TA on DON-induced damage in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). The cells were pre-incubated with a series of concentrations of TA for 24 h and exposed to DON (0.5 µg/mL) for another 24 h. The results showed that pretreatment with TA (150 µM) significantly inhibited the DON-induced decline in cell viability (p < 0.05) and cell proliferation (p < 0.01). Additionally, 150 µM TA also alleviated DON-induced apoptosis (p < 0.01). Moreover, TA decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by DON (p < 0.01). In addition, TA attenuated DON-induced cell junction damage (p < 0.05). Further experiments showed that TA reversed the DON-induced reduction in antioxidant capacity in the IPEC-J2 cells, probably via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway (p < 0.05). Collectively, these findings suggest that 150 µM TA can protect against 0.5 µg/mL DON-induced damage to IPEC-J2 cells, potentially via the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. This study provides insight into TA's potential to act as a green feed additive in the pig farming industry and its efficacy in counteracting DON-induced intestinal damage.

Enhanced Surgical Outcomes of Popliteal Cyst Excision: A Retrospective Study Comparing Arthroscopic Debridement with and without Methylene Blue Injection.

BACKGROUND This retrospective study of 42 patients with popliteal cysts (or Baker cysts) aimed to compare the effects on duration and outcomes of arthroscopic surgical debridement with and without the use of cyst injection with methylene blue (MB). MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical records of patients who underwent conventional arthroscopic surgery (n=20) or arthroscopic surgery after MB injection (n=22) for popliteal cysts between 2018 and 2021 were reviewed. The MB group underwent arthroscopic popliteal cystectomy with MB as the marker, and the control group underwent conventional arthroscopic popliteal cystectomy. Surgical time of cyst resection, postoperative bruising extent, complication rate, and cyst recurrence rate of the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS The MB group had a faster surgical cyst removal time (16.5±1.5 min) than the control group (24.5±1.6 min; P<0.05). The MB group had less postoperative bruising (1 case, 4.5%) than the control group (5 cases, 25%; P<0.05). The surgical results were similar in both groups, with a Lysholm score of 87.23±1.80 in the MB group and 87.23±1.62 (P>0.05) in the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that preoperative injection of MB for popliteal cysts before arthroscopic debridement improved cyst localization and ease and accuracy of surgery and reduced operative time, adjacent tissue damage, postoperative complications, and recurrence rate.

Expert consensus on pediatric orthodontic therapies of malocclusions in children.

Malocclusion, identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of three major oral diseases, profoundly impacts the dental-maxillofacial functions, facial esthetics, and long-term development of ~260 million children in China. Beyond its physical manifestations, malocclusion also significantly influences the psycho-social well-being of these children. Timely intervention in malocclusion can foster an environment conducive to dental-maxillofacial development and substantially decrease the incidence of malocclusion or reduce the severity and complexity of malocclusion in the permanent dentition, by mitigating the negative impact of abnormal environmental influences on the growth. Early orthodontic treatment encompasses accurate identification and treatment of dental and maxillofacial morphological and functional abnormalities during various stages of dental-maxillofacial development, ranging from fetal stages to the early permanent dentition phase. From an economic and societal standpoint, the urgency for effective early orthodontic treatments for malocclusions in childhood cannot be overstated, underlining its profound practical and social importance. This consensus paper discusses the characteristics and the detrimental effects of malocclusion in children, emphasizing critical need for early treatment. It elaborates on corresponding core principles and fundamental approaches in early orthodontics, proposing comprehensive guidance for preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatment, serving as a reference for clinicians engaged in early orthodontic treatment.

Sustained release gel based on CT image inspection for treatment of diabetes fundus macular lesions.

Currently, slow-release gel therapy is considered to be an effective treatment for fundus macular disease, but the lack of effective evaluation methods limits its clinical application. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the application and clinical effect of slow-release gel based on CT image examination in the treatment of diabetic fundus macular disease. CT images of fundus macular lesions were collected in a group of diabetic patients. Then the professional image processing software is used to process and analyze the image and extract the key parameters. A slow-release gel was designed and prepared, and applied to the treatment of diabetic fundus macular disease. CT images before and after treatment were compared and analyzed, and the effect of slow-release gel was evaluated. In a certain period of time after treatment, the lesion size and lesion degree of diabetic fundus macular disease were significantly improved by using slow-release gel therapy with CT image examination. No significant adverse reactions or complications were observed during the treatment. This indicates that the slow-release gel based on CT image examination is a safe, effective and feasible treatment method for diabetic fundus macular disease. This method can help improve the vision and quality of life of patients, and provide a new idea and plan for clinical treatment.

Occludin and collagen IV degradation mediated by the T9SS effector SspA contributes to blood-brain barrier damage in ducks during Riemerella anatipestifer infection.

Riemerella anatipestifer infection is characterized by meningitis with neurological symptoms in ducklings and has adversely affected the poultry industry. R. anatipestifer strains can invade the duck brain to cause meningitis and neurological symptoms, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we showed that obvious clinical symptoms, an increase in blood‒brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and the accumulation of inflammatory cytokines occurred after intravenous infection with the Yb2 strain but not the mutant strain Yb2ΔsspA, indicating that Yb2 infection can lead to cerebrovascular dysfunction and that the type IX secretion system (T9SS) effector SspA plays a critical role in this pathological process. In addition, we showed that Yb2 infection led to rapid degradation of occludin (a tight junction protein) and collagen IV (a basement membrane protein), which contributed to endothelial barrier disruption. The interaction between SspA and occludin was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. Furthermore, we found that SspA was the main enzyme mediating occludin and collagen IV degradation. These data indicate that R. anatipestifer SspA mediates occludin and collagen IV degradation, which functions in BBB disruption in R. anatipestifer-infected ducks. These findings establish the molecular mechanisms by which R. anatipestifer targets duckling endothelial cell junctions and provide new perspectives for the treatment and prevention of R. anatipestifer infection.

Identification of Early Warning Signals of Infectious Diseases in Hospitals by Integrating Clinical Treatment and Disease Prevention.

The global incidence of infectious diseases has increased in recent years, posing a significant threat to human health. Hospitals typically serve as frontline institutions for detecting infectious diseases. However, accurately identifying warning signals of infectious diseases in a timely manner, especially emerging infectious diseases, can be challenging. Consequently, there is a pressing need to integrate treatment and disease prevention data to conduct comprehensive analyses aimed at preventing and controlling infectious diseases within hospitals. This paper examines the role of medical data in the early identification of infectious diseases, explores early warning technologies for infectious disease recognition, and assesses monitoring and early warning mechanisms for infectious diseases. We propose that hospitals adopt novel multidimensional early warning technologies to mine and analyze medical data from various systems, in compliance with national strategies to integrate clinical treatment and disease prevention. Furthermore, hospitals should establish institution-specific, clinical-based early warning models for infectious diseases to actively monitor early signals and enhance preparedness for infectious disease prevention and control.